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- Panel 8-4 Soil Quality and Microbial Communities in Subtropical Slope Lands under Different Agricultural Management Practices /Shih-Hao Jien
Panel 8-4 Soil Quality and Microbial Communities in Subtropical Slope Lands under Different Agricultural Management Practices /Shih-Hao Jien
Ching-Nou Chen1, Chien-Sen Liao2, Yu-Min Tzou3, Yu-Te Lin4, Ed-Haun Chang5, Shih-Hao Jien3,6*
1 Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
2 Professor, Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Taiwan
3 Professor, Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
4 Lead Auditor, ARES INTERNATIONAL CERTIFICATION CO., LTD., Taiwan
5 Assistant Professor, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taiwan
6 Professor, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
Land degradation is a major threat to ecosystem functions and services. Land overuse and long-term conventional farming practices can lead to severe soil degradation and a decline in productivity, which are challenging for both local and global communities. This study was conducted to clarify the responses of soil physiochemical properties and microbial communities to changes in farming practices. Slope land orchards under three agricultural management practices—conventional farming (CF), organic farming (OF), and eco-friendly farming (EFF)—were included in this study. We found that the level of soil carbon stock increased by 3.6 and 5.1 times in surface soils (0–30 cm) under EFF and OF treatments, respectively. EFF and OF significantly increased the levels of total nitrogen, ammonia, and microbial biomass carbon but reduced those of pH, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus. The application of phosphorus-containing herbicides and chemical fertilizers may increase the levels of phosphorus and nitrates in CF soil. High levels of abundance of Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria were observed in EFF and OF soils, likely because of phosphorus deficiency in these soils. The abundance of fungi in OF soil indicated that plants’ demand for available soil phosphorus induced the fungus-mediated mineralization of organic phosphorus. High levels of abundance of Gammaproteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, and Nitrospirae were observed in CF soil, possibly because of the regular use of herbicides containing phosphorus and chemical fertilizers containing high total nitrogen levels.
Keywords: land degradation, agricultural management practice, soil carbon stock, microbial community, phosphorus-containing herbicide
1 Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
2 Professor, Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Taiwan
3 Professor, Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
4 Lead Auditor, ARES INTERNATIONAL CERTIFICATION CO., LTD., Taiwan
5 Assistant Professor, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taiwan
6 Professor, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
Land degradation is a major threat to ecosystem functions and services. Land overuse and long-term conventional farming practices can lead to severe soil degradation and a decline in productivity, which are challenging for both local and global communities. This study was conducted to clarify the responses of soil physiochemical properties and microbial communities to changes in farming practices. Slope land orchards under three agricultural management practices—conventional farming (CF), organic farming (OF), and eco-friendly farming (EFF)—were included in this study. We found that the level of soil carbon stock increased by 3.6 and 5.1 times in surface soils (0–30 cm) under EFF and OF treatments, respectively. EFF and OF significantly increased the levels of total nitrogen, ammonia, and microbial biomass carbon but reduced those of pH, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus. The application of phosphorus-containing herbicides and chemical fertilizers may increase the levels of phosphorus and nitrates in CF soil. High levels of abundance of Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria were observed in EFF and OF soils, likely because of phosphorus deficiency in these soils. The abundance of fungi in OF soil indicated that plants’ demand for available soil phosphorus induced the fungus-mediated mineralization of organic phosphorus. High levels of abundance of Gammaproteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, and Nitrospirae were observed in CF soil, possibly because of the regular use of herbicides containing phosphorus and chemical fertilizers containing high total nitrogen levels.
Keywords: land degradation, agricultural management practice, soil carbon stock, microbial community, phosphorus-containing herbicide